They then irradiated the film with these pulses and measured the current response. To test this, the researchers converted MNIST images, a dataset of handwritten digits, into 4-bit optical pulses. This behavior termed post-potentiation facilitation contributes to short-term memory processes in the brain and enhances the ability of synapses to detect and respond to familiar patterns. Furthermore, when exposed to two successive light pulses, the electrical current response was stronger for the second pulse. This quick response is crucial for detecting sudden changes or abnormalities in health-related signals. Notably, the film was able to distinguish 4-bit input optical pulses and generate distinct currents in response to time-series optical input, with a rapid response time on the order of subseconds. This photocurrent mimics the responses transmitted by synapsis in the human brain, enabling the device to interpret and process biological information received from optical sensors. Thirdly, the ZnO nanoparticles are photoresponsive and generate a photocurrent when exposed to pulsed UV light and a constant voltage. Secondly, the cellulose nanofibers impart flexibility and can be easily disposed of by incineration. Firstly, it allows light to pass through, enabling it to handle optical input signals representing various biological information. The transparent film serves three main purposes. To mimic this capability, the researchers fabricated a photo-electronic artificial synapse device composed of gold electrodes on top of a 10 µm transparent film consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). This ability for parallel processing makes the brain much more efficient compared to traditional computing systems. Each neuron can process information on its own, enabling the brain to handle multiple tasks at the same time. In the human brain, information travels between networks of neurons through synapses. This device exhibits synaptic behavior and cognitive tasks at a suitable timescale for health monitoring," says Dr. "A paper-based optoelectronic synaptic device composed of nanocellulose and ZnO was developed for realizing physical reservoir computing. Their findings were published online in the journal Advanced Electronic Materialson 22 February 2024. At the same time, the sensor must have a low power consumption for prolonged use, should be capable of handling the rapidly changing biological signals for real-time monitoring, be flexible enough to attach comfortably to the human body, and be easy to make and dispose of due to the need for frequent replacements for hygiene reasons.Ĭonsidering these criteria, researchers from Tokyo University of Science (TUS) led by Associate Professor Takashi Ikuno have developed a flexible paper-based sensor that operates like the human brain. Achieving AI-based health monitoring and biological diagnosis requires a standalone sensor that operates independently without the need for constant connection to a central server.
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